The Power Of Context By Malcolm Gladwell - 1464 Words

If the change in behavior of one individual is a natural act results from internal transformation and external influences, then cultural change is an inscrutable mystery. Which factor is influential enough to cause a change in a society composed of individuals with different thoughts? There is no definite answer to this question, because there never exists one solid element that changes an entire society. There is always a combination of reasons behind such changes. However, there is always one solid factor which is present that makes culture change. In â€Å"The Power of Context†, Malcolm Gladwell describes how the crime rate suddenly â€Å"went into a precipitous decline† (151) due to changes of â€Å"the smallest details of the immediate environment† (155). On the contrary, in her text â€Å"An Army of One: Me†, Jean Twenge discusses how society systematically built Generation Me, a cultural change that happens gradually over decades. Although Gladwell and Twenge’s arguments concerning cultural change seems contradictory, they both consolidate one essential factor that makes culture change- an active assertion of change made by an individual or a group of individuals. Therefore, active attempt of change is an important cause of cultural change. Such assertiveness helps to introduce the change in the first place and makes it noticeable in the perspective of society, While it influences people’s mentality when behaving and making decisions. First and foremost, active assertions of the changeShow MoreRelatedThe Power Of Context By Malcolm Gladwell1588 Words   |  7 PagesAn individual’s context is the people that is around the individual and the surrounding environment is what surrounds the individual at the moment. In the 21st century, more and more research done by experts had proven the importance of the context and surrounding environment as to how an individual behave in the different situations. In her bo ok Hard to Get, psychologist Lesile Bell shed some lights how the women of the twentieth century define themselves via sexual experience and social interactionRead MoreThe Power Of Context By Malcolm Gladwell Essay1633 Words   |  7 Pagesfemale sexuality debate are largely fueled by the religious and social beliefs that prevail in most societies. In â€Å"The Power of Context,† Malcolm Gladwell brings about the possible causations factors of crime in modern societies and it details some of the factors, which can influence the way people likely to react to specific cases in crime commission. He explains the power of context idea as means to deduce why specific cases lead to specific reactions from the members of the involved society. BothRead MoreThe Power Of Context By Malcolm Gladwell1349 Words   |  6 Pagesvirtual violence seen in media and supports this idea with references from historical and culture examples. She claims that people are captivated by the stream of v iolence and do nothing about it because it is so enticing to them. In â€Å"The Power of Context,† Malcolm Gladwell analyzes the effects an environment or situation can have a person despite their beliefs or values. The morals and values that were learned in one’s childhood seems to change when one is put into a certain situation that is out of theirRead MoreThe Power Of Context By Malcolm Gladwell1709 Words   |  7 Pageseducational institutions and societal systems influence the human subconscious in the same way, just with a strong less recognizable form of advertising. These institutions and systems use social stigma. In Malcolm Gladwell’s â€Å"the Power of Context† the power of social stigma is shown by how context effects a situation, And in Karen Ho she identify the social stigma of being â€Å"elite† and getting a higher education. Societal stigma is the way of the system (society) to advertise to their people what isRead MoreThe Power O f Context By Malcolm Gladwell1579 Words   |  7 PagesIndividuals’ behaviors are articulated by what they perceive and what is stored in their memories, however, with the changes of the environment and with the time flows, those perceptions that stored in people’s mind might be changed. In â€Å"The Power of Context†, Malcolm Gladwell depicts that people’s characters are not only related to the cognitive association, but also affected by the physical surroundings because things that exist in individual’s residence also shape who they are. Similarly, Leslie Bell inRead MoreThe Power Of Context By Malcolm Gladwell Essay1802 Words   |  8 Pagesindividuals are still depend on their races, genders, social background or other geographic groups, so that people who are suffering conventional or unconventional abuses in the real world are considered as social vulnerable groups. In â€Å"The Power of Context,† Malcolm Gladwell provides a theory a nd a phenomenon, which are the Broken Window Theory and New York City Subway situation. He uses these two examples to illustrate both cognitive associations and physical surroundings would affect the vulnerable groupsRead MoreMalcolm Gladwell s Power Of Context1201 Words   |  5 Pagesnever ending race to further itself on a socioeconomic level from the generation before knowing full well that the majority will not achieve such goal. That in itself is a testament to how difficult the task of altering identity is. Malcolm Gladwell’s Power of Context echoes many of the same progressive principles preached in the early twentieth century, he believes external factors such as the aspects of environment are the greatest determinants of identity. Barbara Fredrickson argues in her bookRead MorePower Of Context By Malcolm Gladwell Essay1080 Words   |  5 Pagesindependently from their environment. Gladwell challenges conventional wisdom, claiming that the matter is significantl y more complex. Gladwell s theory, â€Å"Power of Context,† basically identifies small details within an environment and how they can heavily influence said environment. The â€Å"Power of Context† is extremely enlightening; because it sheds light on the observed behavior within Johnson s self-organizing Manchester and Faludi s archaic Citadel. Gladwell builds his theory off of the conceptRead MoreSocial Medi The Power Of Context By Malcolm Gladwell1665 Words   |  7 Pagesentertainment. In Maggie Nelson’s essay, â€Å"Great to Watch,† she argues the idea of â€Å"video and image flow† can lead to different understandings, distractions, and even problems, which explains the Broken Windows Theory introduced in â€Å"The Power of Context† written by Malcolm Gladwell that people engaging in certain kind of behavior (crime and violence) are evoked by a feature of the environment. Video and image flow via social media in the 21st century can in duce crime. In the age of distraction, young teenagersRead MoreThe Power Of Context, By Malcolm Gladwell, Steven Johnson, And Karen1891 Words   |  8 Pageslifestyle grow up to be proper, while those who live in poverty follow the path to failure. In the essays â€Å"The Power of Context,† â€Å"The Myth of the Ant Queen,† and â€Å"Biographies of Hegemony,† written respectfully by Malcolm Gladwell, Steven Johnson, and Karen Ho, the theme of minute changes in one’s environment, continuing to affect one heavily in the long term is brought up numerous times. Gladwell asserts the concept by talking about the incident with Bernherd Goetz and the stigma attached to the shooting

Divergent Character Analysis - 1518 Words

In this day and age, society appears to be a man’s world. From the differences in the average salary, to basic, everyday treatment, men reap the benefits. In the novel Divergent, the author, Veronica Roth, develops strong female roles in order to defy and oppose common gender roles and stereotypes and to highlight the flaws in this seemingly perfect futuristic society. Divergent takes place in Chicago in the far future. In this novel, the society is divided into factions: Abnegation, Candor, Erudite, Amity, and Dauntless, each faction focusing on specific human traits. In the minds of most, one specific faction will directly correlate with their own values, but in the case of Tris Prior, one lone faction does not fit her needs. The author†¦show more content†¦This is symbolic of combating female oppression, taking advantage of their weaker physical attributes. This competition drives Tris to combat her weakness and strive to make it through the demanding process of initiation, symbolizing breaking through of the â€Å"glass ceiling† which inhibits the ability of women to advance. â€Å" She wants to rip me to pieces. I cant lie down in submission now. I have become an attack dog too† (Roth 358 ). Through the novel, as Tris begins to prove to herself and others that she has strength, other people begin to see her as a threat, seeing that she is a girl thriving in a faction dominated by male qualities. On page 279 , Al, Peter, and Drew, fellow initiates of Tris, are having a hard time letting a small girl, once from Abnegation, beat them in the initiation training competition and they decide to take matters into their own hands. These strong male figures can not bear to have a girl out rank them. To them, the only way to solve this problem is to dispose of Tris, instead of rising to the occasion and working harder to reclaim their dominant positions. By starting out weak and facing her challenges, she grows to be stronger and more confident than the boys who are physically Thompson 3 stronger. This further defies gender stereotypes exemplifying women to be soft caretakers who do not poseShow MoreRelatedCharacters from Divergent Series: Analysis of Tris Prior563 Words   |  2 Pagesaptitude test which decides which faction they belong in. then, the next day at the choosing ceremony then pick either to stay with their family in the faction they were born into or pick another one to permanently live in. Tris Prior is a dynamic character because of her looks, actions, and speech. Tris goes through many changes when she becomes Dauntless and leaves her family in Abnegation, one of these being her appearance. When Tris belongs to the faction Abnegation she is dressed in all gray fromRead MoreAnalysis Of Divergent The Movie 1197 Words   |  5 PagesAnalysis of Divergent The movie Divergent can be interpreted and looked into deeply to discover the missing and hidden features within the film. Throughout the movie, there are many twists and turns. It takes the viewers on a journey. The movie is easy to understand with what is going on, but at times the plot is about mystery. When viewers go to the theater to watch the film, they tend to miss the hidden features of the movie. They only tend to focus on certain points, and by paying greater attentionRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of The Princess Bride And A Pair Of Tickets1744 Words   |  7 PagesRick Hutchens English 105 May 23, 2017 Three Girls and Their Quest to Find Themselves in the Face of Adversity: An Analysis of The Princess Bride, Divergent and â€Å"A Pair of Tickets† and How Vampirism and Quests make the stories what they are. Writing a story is difficult. In the stories The Princess Bride by William Goldman and â€Å"A Pair of Tickets† by Amy Tan, and the movie Divergent Directed by Neil Burger there are three very similar women who must find their path in life. In The Princess BrideRead MoreThe Cartoon Show Total Drama Island1535 Words   |  7 PagesUsually on the series, it is strategic to keep the more intellectual character rather than the brawniest characters due to the fact that most of the challenges test your mental abilities, therefore most of the strong alliances also tend to have most of the intelligent players. Now, let’s imagine that all fit players all teamed up and outsmarted the smart player by forming an alliance to pick them off one by one. Suddenly, the fit characters would control the game, therefore changing their fate in the gameRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Insurgent 802 Words   |  4 PagesNatasha Eves Mrs. Browning Honors English 11 1 October 2014 Insurgent Insurgent, Veronica Roth, 544 pages Character Analysis Beatrice â€Å"Tris† Prior: Tris is the narrator in the book Insurgent, also the main character and protagonist. She is very willing, independent, and strong sixteen-year-old-girl. But she also fears being powerless, and not being able to escape. Tobais Eaton: Also known as Four, is one of the main protagonist’s. Four is the instructor of the new initiates and Tris’ lover. CalebRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Francois Truffaut1310 Words   |  6 PagesFahrenheit 451 Analysis Franà §ois Truffaut’s 1966 science fiction film, Fahrenheit 451, encapsulates a dystopian society that controls its inhabitants. This film is based off of Ray Bradbury’s 1953 novel of the same title.Truffaut took the novel and created a full length film to tell the story. The use of future is a common characteristic of science fiction movies, yet this particular film uses future to relay its message, not just as the setting. The technical aspects, effects and setting work togetherRead MoreLimitations Of Multiculturality1359 Words   |  6 Pagessame time, however, the greater the number of identities, the more likely some will come into conflict or strain (Crisp and Hewstone 2007). In sociology, work related to this issue has largely been focused on structural strains associated with divergent expectations from overlapping networks or roles. In these particular types of situations actors confront interactional tensions because their relationships with those co-present span distinct memberships and social identities. In this work actorsRead MoreThe Three Year Planning Will Include A Swoc / T Analysis829 Words   |  4 PagesThe three-year planning will include a SWOC/T analysis which considers strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and challenges or threats (Bryson, 2011). A SWOC/T analysis is not simply creating lists of these components; rather it is about careful discussion, analysis, comparison, and contrast. Usually the strengths and weaknesses are related to internal factors and the opportunities and challenges or threats relate to the external environment (Davies Ellison, 2003). Related to the challenge selectedRead MoreDeviance is defined as being co nduct that is not segment of the averages in specific civilization.1000 Words   |  4 Pagesmight be no employments, or the individual might not have sufficient education to get a decent giving occupation. They are incapable to assemble their ambition of making wealth by exercising socially appropriate methods Strain Theory designates five character varieties that result from a condition resembling like this. †¢ The Conformist endures to effort to encounter his communally acknowledged aim while expending socially adequate methods, even if individual endeavors to encounter aims are ineffectiveRead MoreThe True Conception : An Examination Of Empire During 19th Century Britain1309 Words   |  6 Pagessocieties it colonized, yet it additionally changed the colonizers themselves, both at home and abroad. The need to focus on the imperial mission influenced, in hypothetical and practical ways, the merging of a particularly British identity. The divergent relations and characteristic differences between individuals from the varying parts of the British Isles seemed less critical when set against the clear disparities of force and more prominent social, racial, religious, and linguistic differences

IKEA Strategic Marketing Management Essay Sample free essay sample

In 1943. IKEA was founded by Ingvar Kamprad. It is a World’s prima place trappingss and largest furniture retail merchant based in Sweden. IKEA Numberss 1. 04. 000 employees in 267 shops in 45 states. Ingvar Kamprad. believes that: â€Å"Most things still remain to be done. Time is your most of import plus. Divide your life into10-minute units and forfeit every bit few as possible to futurities† ( Mclvor. Laurance. 1994: 38 ) . The corporate civilization of IKEA is built upon this doctrine all the manner from design squads to providers and to the client. A uninterrupted discord for betterment in all countries of the value concatenation is an effectual manner to determine the industry to better fit IKEA’s hereafter schemes. Due to the singularity of IKEA’s strategic placement. being the largest rival in its field. the house has the advantage of puting the stage of the industry. Bureaucracy is fought at all degrees in the organisation. Kamprad believes that â€Å"simplicity and common sense should qualify planning and strategic direction† ( Bartlett et Al. 1993: 78 ) . In add-on. the civilization emphasizes efficiency and low cost which is non to be achieved on the disbursal of quality or service. Symbolic policies such as merely winging economic system category and remain at economical hotels. using immature executives and patronizing university plans have made cost portion of corporate civilization and has farther inspired the inflow of entrepreneurship into the organisation. Where are they now?5 C ANALYSISCompanyMerchandise Line* Kitchen ware* Booming* Living room* Bedroom* Hallway* Bathroom A ; Laundry* Small storage* Cooking Market ImageAwards won by the company* Leo Burnett Hong Kong win the Grand Kam Fan for IKEA at the Hong Kong 4As Awards * IKEA ( Campaign of the Year )* IKEA ( Corporate Branding Campaign of the Year* IKEA ( Best Use of Online Media )* IKEA Honoured With Eurobest 2010 Advertiser Of The Year Award * Award by Queensland Government’s Environmental Protection Agency for IKEA’s Environmental enterprises ( 2007 ) * IKEA was named one of the 100 Best Companies for Working Mothers in 2004 and 2005 by Working Mothers magazine * ranked 96 in Fortune’s 100 Best Companies to Work For in 2006 and in October 2008 * IKEA Canada LP was named one of â€Å"Canada’s Top 100 Employers† by Mediacorp Canada Inc Culture* Diversity and creativeness* Family like Quality* Cost Conscious* Openness* Equality* Competitiveness* Eco Friendly* Social Initiative ( chief spouses to IKEA Social Initiative are UNICEF and Save the Children ) Goals of the Company* Implementing schemes in the organisation* Customer transit and C footmark* Working with providers on conformity* Communicating sustainability achievements* Integrating sustainability into nucleus concern* Forestation and usage of wood Confederate Distributors* They have 28 distribution centres in 16 states that supply to IKEA shops. * They have over 300000 distributers all around the universe Suppliers* They possess the bargaining power* IKEA prefers securing their stuffs from low cost states like China to cut down their overall cost AlliancesThe IKEA Group supports the Rainforest Alliance to advance Forest Stewardship Council ( FSC ) forest direction enfranchisement in China by educating Foresters and stakeholders on the rules of FSC enfranchisement. The undertaking provides cardinal experts with the preparation. tools and stuffs to carry on Rainforest Alliance workshops in order to increase the degree of sustainable forestry consciousness in China. Customers Market size* First shops were opened in Norway and Denmark* Germany – IKEA’s biggest market ( 45 shops )* United States ( 37 shops )* France ( 28 shops )* Presently IKEA has 316 shops in 45 states Top 5 gross revenues states* Germany 19 %* USA 11 %* United Kingdom 11 %* France 9 %* Sweden 8 % Benefits and Cost* Addition from good quality at low cost* Stylish and varied designs* Friendly atmosphere* One halt shopping RivalMerchandises* All place solutions* Kitchens. bathrooms. couch. chairs. beds and fabrics. carpets. floors. lamps. workss. and everything in between Displayed to demo design possibilities with IKEA merchandises * Assembled by the client Intratype Competition* Crate and Barrel* Pier 1* Pottery Barn* Furniture retail merchants using similar shop layouts * M. Jacobs* Ashley’s Home Furnishings* Ethan AllenIntertype Competition* Home Improvement Stores* Home Depot* Jerry’s* Department Store’s* Meier A ; Frank* Macy’s* Discount Retailers* Wal-Mart* Fred MeyersMarket portion Despite the ambitious economic state of affairs in the universe. financial twelvemonth 2009 was a good twelvemonth for the IKEA Group. The Group opened 15 new IKEA shops and entered its twenty-fifth market. with the new IKEA shop in Dublin. Ireland. Gross saless increased to 21. 5 billion Euro. which is an addition of 1. 4 per cent compared to last twelvemonth. The IKEA Group operates 267 IKEA shops in 25 states. In add-on there are 34 IKEA shops. that are owned and run by franchisees outside the IKEA Group. in 16 countries/territories SWOT Analysis on IKEA Home Furnishings Strength Brand Image* IKEA ranked 41st among the best planetary trade name around the universe in 2006 with a trade name value of $ 8. 763 * strong internationally known trade name pulling cardinal demographic client groups * strong trade names heighten client trueness and lead to reiterate purchases * Cost Efficient. Low monetary value. no via media in quality Unique concern theoretical account* they own industrial group. Swedwood. which produces wood-based furniture and wooden constituents * its operations cover every measure of production. from forestry. saw milling and board industry to furniture * efficient productions which enable it to maximise productiveness and minimise waste-generation * ain design group which can makes certain that their merchandises matches the tendency of the industry * Good relationship with providers * Maintained long-run partnerships with its providers* Ensures that the company has entree to high-quality stuffs at sensible monetary values Selling expertness* Market placement statement is â€Å"Your spouse in better life. We do our portion. you do yours. Together we save money. † * Market on its strengths – based on offering a broad scope of good designed. functional merchandises at low monetary values * Catalogue- 175 million transcripts sold in 55 editions and 27 linguistic communications ( 2007 ) * Other publicities include their seasonal gross revenues. internet trades and telecasting advertizements * Flat packaging. which reduces transportation costs. minimise transport harm. additions store stock list capacity. and makes it easier for clients to take the furniture place themselves. instead than necessitating bringing. But the original ground for it was competitory force per unit area from IKEA’s rivals to their providers. who really boycotted IKEA. coercing IKEA to make it themselves. * Easy to piece * One halt shopping* Friendly atmosphere and hive away layout* Customized Service* Restaurant in shop* IKEA issue bistro* Swede Shop* IKEA Restaurant Child Care* Supervised Rumpus room* Baby Care Room* Food Warming Facilities* Children’s Meals Design Advice* Office Planning* Kitchen Planning* Home Furnishing Advice Shop Atmosphere* Easily Located Merchandises* Browse through salesrooms and seek out merchandises* Delivery Services available or take place merchandises instantly Failing * Not enough distribution channels. For eg: There are merely three retail stores in Hong Kong * Problem of merchandise callback due to faulty base. For eg: IKEA had recalled Parodi and Apelsin glass instances * IKEA is a planetary company. so merchandise criterions are hard to keep. Some states where IKEA merchandises are made do non implement the statute law to command working conditions * Swedish designs non appealing to American clients * Limited Furniture Designs – IKEA had limited furniture designs which could evidently non provide to a broad scope of client demands and penchants Opportunity* IKEA are traveling from International to planetary position through the development of Asia and Eastern European theoretical accounts * Targets all degrees of the market. upper. center and lower categories * Sourcing from China is one chance. Sourcing from low cost states like China would cut down its costs and enable IKEA to concentrate on increasing its market portion * Bright chance of online gross revenues Menace* With economic concerns over lifting life costs and consuming disposable income there is an overall menace to the public presentation of the concern in UK and American markets specifically * The regulative environments across the Earth vary and can impact how IKEA does concern and its merchandise costs. particularly the usage of natural resources PORTER’s 5 FORCE ANALYSIS Menace of Buyers turning dickering power * There is a small power because of the bing low-price options * IKEA guarantee that their clients in all facets will be satisfied for quality service they provide * Focused their selling attack on demands and demands of the purchaser * IKEA uses their corporate duty as a good public image to their clients * IKEA Family -card as a rank Menace of Suppliers turning bargaining power * IKEA has its 1000s of providers that set criterions in presenting the stuffs. Because of the low-pricing. IKEA’s net income border besides affects the monetary values in natural stuffs than by monetary values in labour * IKEA has a broad web of 1300 providers. They carefully select the maker of its merchandises. The company has ain production mills and interior decorators which makes it less dependent on others * Dickering power of provider could be menace for the net income of the company Menace of Substitute Merchandises * There is no specific merchandise that can be a replacement for the furniture but IKEA at least. hold to maintain up with the latest tendencies. to avoid going out of manner * Problems faced due to distribution channels Menace of Intense Segment Rivalry * The IKEA’s furniture competitors’ offers different manners and functionality * Conrin targets a new low cost in footings of furniture line ; Crate A ; Barrel offers a furniture in a box which is capable in higher monetary values * Ethan Allen aimed at a more upscale market * Wal-Mart is equipped in a large box furniture that is categorized under the general shop must-have-items. but don’t have much of a manner * IKEA is the most successful in presenting the complete bundle for the clients that reflects on weak competitions * There will ever be replacements for furniture’s but IKEA competes with monetary value and there isn’t rivals in same monetary value scope Menace of New Entrants * IKEA shops do non make many little towns and this is an chance for the new rivals to travel into little and midsize metropoliss with smaller shops and less choice. But non easier in metropolis because new entrants have to set up a huge supply concatenation and make a alone trade name name * The furniture market is already extremely competitory – the hazard of new entrants is non highly high – immense capital needed to get down the concern Where do they desire to be?Their challenge and aim â€Å"It has been a ambitious twelvemonth in which we have had to accommodate to alter market conditions. † says Kerri Molinaro. President. IKEA Canada. â€Å"We know that many of our clients have less money to pass and our low monetary value construct is hence more relevant than of all time. Our clients have recognized that in tough times IKEA has the better place trappings offer. † IKEA want to increase the return on investing for its operations. which is a significant investing. and remain in front of the competition in footings of concern scheme. IKEA needs to guarantee that its concern is targeted to make people who are likely to be or go IKEA clients in footings of their demographic properties and their likeliness to go to the shop. IKEArequires a solution to maximise their return on investing while spread outing their entreaty and keeping their dominant market place. Specifically IKEA’s cardinal aims with regard to INDIA are to: * Identify mark consumer types and geographic countries for distribution of catalogue * Identify types and countries with hapless gross revenues potency* Increase gross revenues return on its operation’s outgo* Develop concern scheme How might they acquire at that place? Joint VenturesIKEA will necessitate to look at joint ventures and strategic confederations to go successful in the Indian market. Since the authorities requires that local concern operations require 51 % control by Indian subjects. IKEA’s first measure will be to happen franchise proprietors. These in bend will hold to organize confederation and joint ventures to raise adequate capital to develop the links necessary to organize a successful entity. In bad markets ( defined as those that are non similar to Norse markets ) IKEA’s local market scheme is to develop supplier links in the host state. This is meant to cut down the strategic hazard that may ensue from political. legal and fiscal issues. By developing a relationship with local providers. the providers can supply valuable input into the chances and menaces. Joint Ventures mean even more. They set up that the local owner/operators become an built-in portion of the stakeholder group. Fiscal scheme The cost of set uping a new shop ( about 22. 000 points ) is rather high when sing:* Building acquisition. layout and design* Sourcing franchise proprietors and human resources* Establishing local provider links* Advertising and publicity of the new location ( catalogues are expensive )* Stocking the new shop The advantage of borrowing money locally is that the cost of adoption will be protected from rising prices and exchange rate fluctuations. Investment money taken from militias of other operations may non transport any involvement cost and hence be a cheaper beginning of investing. In the instance of India. if IKEA decides to franchise its operations at that place. the job of financing the operation is taken attention of through franchising fees and royalties. Return of profit/royalties to IKEA of Sweden could be facilitated in the transportation of merchandise produced in India therefore increasing the fringy return from everyone involved. Net incomes Net incomes in India should be maintained at a similar degree to other states. Since the per capita income of Indian peoples is well lower than other markets. merchandise will hold to be modified to take down monetary value classs and volumes will hold to increase to countervail the difference. Except in the largest metropoliss. operation costs should be lower than Western Europe. Labor costs are well lower in India. but the IKEA shop construct requires small human resources. so cost decreases must trust on other overhead such as shop. warehousing. power. revenue enhancements and advertisement. Probably the most effectual method for cost decrease is to beginning a higher per centum of goods from India. Even Norse designs could be reproduced in India. Selling Scheme IKEA does non hold its ain fabrication installations. Alternatively. it is utilizing sub contracted makers all over the universe for supplies. All research and development activities are. nevertheless centralized in Sweden. In order to keep low cost. IKEA shoppers are Pro-sumers – half manufacturers. and half consumers. In other words. they have to piece the merchandises themselves. To ease shopping. IKEA provides catalogs. tape measures. shopping lists and pencils for composing notes and measurings. Car roof racks are available for purchase at cost and IKEA pick-up vans/mini trucks are available for rental. Effective selling through catalogues normally attracts the client at first. what keeps clients coming back is good service. IKEA believes that a strong in-stock placement which the most popular manner and design tendencies are right anticipated is important to maintain satisfied clients. For that. IKEA depends on leading-edge engineering. Harmonizing to IKEA’s logistics director. â€Å"there are a batch of Just-In-Time constructs built in to how we’re seeking to make business† ( Chandler. 1993: 12 ) . IKEA has developed its ain planetary distribution web. By using control points in the distribution rhythm. the house is able to see timely bringing of merchandises to retail shops all over the universe. Internationally. these shops range in size from 20. 000 to 30. 000 square pess in Hong Kong and in Singapore to 500. 000 square pess in Stockholm. Sweden. IKEA has over 1. 800 providers located in over 50 different states ( Retail Business. 1995: 78 ) . IKEA’s . selling director believes that Consumer gustatory sensations are unifying globally In one illustration. IKEA. which has been importing the â€Å"streamlined and modern-day Norse style† to the United States since 1985. found at least one chance to export an American manner to Europe. as Europeans are picking up on some American trappings constructs. In order to react to this new demand. IKEA now market â€Å"American style† trappingss for the European market Ad as being a manufacturer of low monetary value and high quality merchandise IKEA’s success is based on the comparatively simple thought of maintaining the cost between makers and clients down. Harmonizing to Ingvar Kamprad. the laminitis of IKEA ; â€Å"To design a desk which may be $ 1. 000 is easy for a furniture interior decorator. but to plan a functional and good desk which shall be $ 50 can merely be done by the really best. Expensive solutions to all sorts of jobs are frequently marks of averageness. † ( Chandler. 1993: 12 ) Costss are kept under control get downing at the design degree of the value-added concatenation. IKEA besides keeps costs down by packing points compactly in level standardized embalages and stacking every bit much as possible to cut down storage infinite during and after distribution in the logistics procedure ( Economist. 1994: 101 ) . IKEA direction schemeIKEA is a really successful transnational corporation. which indicates that earlier discussed focussed generic. or long-run scheme of cost leading and merchandise distinction has served it good. IKEA approaches unknown. little. high hazards markets by franchising. So this company actively expands in this field every bit good. IKEA has a batch of subordinates in many states of the universe. Franchisee shaves to transport basic points. but have the freedom to plan the remainder of the merchandises. Cultural scheme Few states in the universe have such an antediluvian and diverse civilization as India. India’s civilization has been enriched by consecutive moving ridges of migration. which were absorbed into the Indian manner of life. The diverseness lays the continuity of Indian civilisation and societal construction from the really earliest times until the present twenty-four hours. Modern India presents a image of integrity in diverseness to which history provides no analogue. Furthermore. the Indian Council for Cultural Relations ( ICCR ) has been working to project Indian civilization abroad and to convey to India the rich manifestations of international civilization. It has therefore become a major vehicle of international cultural exchange. IKEA can besides concentrate on the Indian’s procedure of development. which has been accompanied by important societal alterations and an increasing consciousness about issues. This period has besides seen the burgeoning of the voluntary motion in India. Today. the Government makes changeless efforts to advance values like democracy and independency and India is working to hold equal chances in all domains of life. We can non govern out the Indian Art. because it is besides an Art of societal. political and spiritual influences. It changed and evolved with the development of a civilisation. which is full of singular invention. Finally. IKEA can do point on Indian faith because it is another manner of life and an full portion of Indian tradition. So in making concern with India. IKEA have to do attending with the civilization and the communicating ( verbal and non-verbal ) because the communicating can be interpreted in different significances and can arouse some errors. misinterpretation and besides some problems. So. the house has to be careful with the context where it decides to put up its concern Which is the best Manner?How can they guarantee reachings?Together with advanced alterations in the value concatenation. where consumers become Pro-sumers and providers are turned into consumers. the construct of marketing high quality merchandises at low cost through a focussed generic scheme. intended for the globally emerging middle-class has served IKEA good. Centralized control and merchandise standardisation is two necessary constituents of the firm’s long-run scheme. In add-on. the company has facilitated its international enlargement through owned subordinates and franchises. Future localisation force per unit areas will coerce IKEA to alter its planetary scheme in order to go more sensitive to local demands. Greater accent on joint ventures and strategic confederations represent possible vehicles to farther construct on IKEA’s focal point scheme. A new multinational oriented organisational construction would farther supply the necessary substructure needed to b ack up such vehicles towards true internationalisation. This in bend would impact on the present homogeneous Norse civilization and present new values. thoughts and. possibly. broaden IKEA’s nucleus competences.

Romeo and Juliet free essay sample

Robert Louis Stevenson is a Scottish writer born, November 13, 1850 and died December 3, 1894. He says, â€Å"Everybody sooner or later sits down to a banquet of consequences. † Consequences are often formed when people make hasty decisions and do not think there thoughts through. Such is the case in the play â€Å"Romeo and Juliet† when the two characters do not think of how decision will affect them in the future. In the play hasty decisions caused Romeo and Juliets deaths. Hasty decisions were made going to the party, being married and drinking the potions. Romeo going to the party was a hasty decision and in turn he finds himself with consequences too large. A servant was wondering the streets of Verona with a scroll he could not read. In the scroll it was a list of people who were invited to Lord Capulets party. Romeo offered to read it and found out that his true love was going but Benvolio tells him that if they go to the party Romeo will find other girls much prettier. We will write a custom essay sample on Romeo and Juliet or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Romeo comes back and tell Benvolio, â€Å"Ill go along, no such sight to be shown. /But to rejoice in my splendor of my own† (Act 1, Scene 3, Lines 106-107). Romeo at the party finds a women who is young and beautiful and her name is Juliet. Romeo forgets about his other true love and asks some one at the party who she is. To Romeos surprise he finds out that she is a Capulet. Montagues and Capulets are enemies and Romeo is a Montague. Romeo says after hearing Juliets a Capulet, â€Å"O dear my account! My life is my foes debt† (Act 1, Scene 5, Line 132). Romeo goes to the party so he can find that Capulets are not the prettiest people and that there are such thing as more than one choice but instead he falls in love with another Capulet. Romeo is faced with yet another issue that he did not think all the way through. Romeo is to marry Juliet the day after they met. Juliet talked to Romeo and said, â€Å"Thy purpose a marriage, send me word tomorrow† (Act 2, Scene 2, Line 151). Juliet and Romeo are making last second preparations on a marriage and they barely know each other. The next morning Romeo pays Friar Lawrence a visit and to tell him of the news that he and Juliet will be married that very day. The Friar likes the idea because he believes that the marriage will bring peace between the Capulets and Montagues. Romeo says, â€Å"That thou consent to marry us today† (Act 2, Scene 3, Line 151). Romeo does not think that maybe he should wait for a little while before marrying a girl he met yesterday. Romeo does not realize the consequences of his decision. When Romeo hears that Juliet has fallen into a deep sleep he immediately thinks she has killed herself because of his banishment. So instead of asking the Friar who is a trusted friend what happened he goes and buys poison. The poison only works if put in food; Romeo says, â€Å"Farewell, buy food and get in flesh† (Act 5, Scene 1, Line 88). Romeo lays himself next to Juliet and dies from the poison but Juliet is only asleep. When Juliet awakes she stabs herself with Romeos dagger only to see Romeo dead. The first watchman say, â€Å"Rome dead, and Juliet dead before† (Act 5, Scene 3, Line 203). In that instant moment a bond grows between the Capulets and Montagues. The parents realize that blood was spilled because of there hatred for one another and because of not seeing future consequences. Hasty decisions can lead to big consequences and sometimes people are not able to solve the problem before the consequences are give out. In the play â€Å"Romeo and Juliet† hasty decisions were the reasons for there deaths. Romeo did not think of the consequences of going to the party, having a marriage or of drinking the poison. If Romeo thought of the decision before his answer the deaths might have not been as tragic. So does â€Å"Everybody sooner or later sits down to a banquet of consequences? † Romeo and Juliet free essay sample Romeo and Juliet written by William Shakespeare is one of the most famous love stories. Most people think it is just about romantic love, but indeed it has many different forms of love that exists which is portrayed throughout the Shakespearian novel. The novel uses the main theme of love to push the story along and keep it going. Presented are variations of love including forbidden love, unrequited Love and blind love. This essay aims to analyse these three types of love chosen. Romeo and Juliet is a brilliant play about a young boy and girl, whom fall deeply in love with each other. Romeo is from the house of Montague, while Juliet is from the house of Capulet. Both families have been feuding with each other for a long time; however, despite the families feuding, Romeo and Juliet marry each other in secrecy. This is an example of forbidden love. We will write a custom essay sample on Romeo and juliet or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In Romeo and Juliet the two main characters rush into love and it didn’t end up the way they planned it to. They see each other’s seen beauty and think they will live happily together, but things change throughout the story that take a turn for the worst. Romeo gets banished from Verona making their love for each other hard making them sneak around to manage it. Juliet pretends to kill herself so Romeo would come back but Romeo goes back thinking Juliet actually killed herself, so he decides he must kill himself. Juliet wakes up and sees her love dead and decides if she cannot live with Romeo she will not live at all, and kills herself also. The first time Romeo sees Juliet he says, â€Å"Did my heart love till? / Forswear it sight! / For I ne’er saw true beauty till this night† (1. 5). Romeo without hesitating decides that he is in love with Juliet now even though he has not spoken to her at all. Which brings us into unrequited love and the one sided love between Romeo and Rosaline. You are never positive if someone really loves you or not. All you know is that you truly love them. That is what makes unrequited love difficult for people. In Romeo and Juliet, unrequited love is present whether it was apparent or implied, we don’t know. When we are introduced to the character Romeo, he is infatuated by Rosaline which he thought was love at first sight, but she happens to not be in love with him and plans to become a nun. Romeo is in love with Rosaline while Paris falls in love with Juliet which are the most obvious examples in Romeo and Juliet. Romeos apparent love for Juliet is no different than his love for Rosaline because Romeo is in love with the idea of being in love. Although, I do believe there is an unrequited love between Juliet and her parents. In Romeo and Juliet, love and hate are just two emotions on the same side. Both emotions are intense emotions that as Benvolio says, get the mad blood stirring (3. 1. 4). When the hatred is going on between the Montagues and Capulets, it finally pushes Romeo and Juliet to their tragic deaths but which their parents thought they were doing right for their children. But if theyre just two emotions on the same side, then can this kind of passionate love even exist without hate? Romeo and Juliet free essay sample Poems and plays often have to deal with the theme of power and control. In Shakespeare’s â€Å"Romeo and Juliet† Capulet wields the authority. Shakespeare portrays Capulet as a patriarchal ruler who is not afraid to show his controlling side. His aggression is key aspect in the play and becomes a catalyst for the outcome of our â€Å"star crossed lovers†. I will also examine the exertion of power in the poems â€Å"My Last Duchess†, â€Å"Hawk Roosting† and â€Å"Human Interest†. Firstly, I will begin with examining the theme of force in Shakespeare’s â€Å"Romeo and Juliet†. The first key scene to consider is act one scene on in which a battle between the Capulets and Montagues occurs. In this scene Capulet himself is not afraid to get involved in the battle. â€Å"Give me my longsword, ho†. The use of the imperative â€Å"Give† shows Capulet commanding other to do his deeds. It also shows him expecting others to be governed by him. We will write a custom essay sample on Romeo and Juliet or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This re-enforces the aspect of a patriarchal society in which man rules. This shows that he exerts power and control without think of any consequences or how it affects others. Secondly, I will examine act one scene two. In this scene Capulet’s character changes his mood and Shakespeare depicts him as fatherly. He appears to give Juliet her own choice in who to marry. â€Å"My will to her consent is but apart†. This quote contradicts the earlier scene in which Capulet is very demanding of others. This illustrates that Capulet has a good relationship with his beloved Juliet; he trusts Juliet to make a good decision. He treats her like a human rather than an object; but his power to force her into a marriage if he feels it necessary is implicitly present. The next scene to investigate would be act one scene five in which Capulet hosts his â€Å"accustomed feasts†. In this scene we can see how Capulet can gradually lose his temper. Capulet begins to use gentle imperatives toward Tybalt such as â€Å"content thee, gentle coz†. The word â€Å"content† is used as an imperative but in this case it is not used as impertinent word, like â€Å"give† in the earlier scene. This part of act one scene five shows the audience a low level of Capulet’s anger. It shows Capulet using his dominance but without becoming enraged. As act 1 scene 5 progresses Capulet becomes less patient repeating the word â€Å"go to! go to! † The use of repetition implies Capulet is becoming less patient with Tybalt and the use an exclamation also adds to the portrayal of Capulet’s irritation. As the scene proceeds the imperatives become shorter, increasing the audiences knowledge of Capulet’s impatience. Towards the start of the scene we see Capulet exerting little aggression but as we examine the scene closer we see that Capulet loses control over himself and becomes angry at Tybalt. In contrast to act one scene two we see Capulet objectifying Juliet in act three scene four. We see Capulet acting as if he can sell his own child as if it were a business deal. The quote â€Å"I will make a desperate tender of my child’s love† implies that Capulet is going to give away Juliet’s love to Paris. The word â€Å"tender† clearly tells the audience that Capulet believes that he can give his daughter’s love away to with no question asked. The fact that Capulet is not hesitant to sell his daughter implies that he knows that he rules everyone and that he can control others. It also tells us that he believes he can make decisions for other people without them knowing. The word â€Å"my† is a possessive pronoun which re-enforces the idea that Capulet owns Juliet and has the right to give her away. In this scene Capulet is portrayed as avaricious as he is setting up a marriage in which money is the prime objective and not the happiness of his own child. This in turn suggests that Capulet has exerts enough force that he can sell his own daughter’s love for money. In modern society this appears as cruel and heartless. Above all act three scene five shows Capulet animosity toward Juliet. In this scene Juliet gives a negative response toward Capulet after she is informed of the planned wedding. After she has responded Capulet ignores her; he talks as if she is not there. â€Å"How will she none? Doth she not give us thanks? Is she not proud? † The repetition of the word â€Å"she† indicates that Capulet does not want to acknowledge Juliet, or make a personal connection with her. He chooses to act as if she is not in the room; he excludes her from the scene. This scene reveals to the audience that Capulet maintains the belief that he has enough power to command everyone around. Furthermore, Capulet insults Juliet; thinking he has the right to do I . The insult â€Å"mistress minion you† includes alliteration of the harsh â€Å"m† sound† which appears blunt to the audience. The word â€Å"mistress† indicates that Capulet saw that Juliet was a spoilt child who did not appreciate what he had done for her. The word â€Å"minion† tells the audience that Capulet thinks that Juliet is a slave and should be treated like one. I addition Capulet also uses the insult â€Å"Out, you baggage! † which shows the audience that Capulet sees Juliet as someone he can insult with no consequences. Capulet berates Juliet by using the word â€Å"baggage† as he entirely objectifies her. Capulet is disparaging when he vilifies Juliet by comparing her to a bag. She is not given an intimate beloved connection and Capulet sees her as an accessory. This metaphor tells us that Capulet thinks that Juliet is an item to which he can do with what he pleases. A bag could also be seen a burden that weighs you down. A member of the modern society would side with Juliet, but a wealthy individual living in the Elizabethan era would agree with Capulet. Capulet is clearly illustrating power and control throughout this scene as he presumes that he can slander Juliet without anyone standing up to him. After Capulet leaves the scene Juliet is astonished when she finds no support from the other characters. Juliet even threatens her mother when she does not sympathise with her. â€Å"Make the bridal bed where Tybalt lies†. Juliet feels the need to stop the marriage, however her mother refuses to help and still follows the order of the patriarchal society; she is weaker and must obey Capulet. It is clear that Lady Capulet’s actions are supervised and overseen by Lord Capulet himself. Capulet already has control over his wife. Whereas Juliet is breaking filial obedience by disobeying Capulet repeatedly. In conclusion Capulet is generally portrayed as a vehement, zealous character who follows draconian principles even if it means vilipending a family member. We see Capulet’s benevolent side infrequently on the few occasions when the other characters are obeying him. We constantly see Capulet expressing his pre-eminence and dominance over others. Capulet has his power and control through intimidation and derision. He belittles and humiliates others and their fear of him means he gets what he wants. The poem â€Å"My Last Duchess† is a dramatic monologue. This poem is one long stanza in which the Duke, through the language that he uses to describe his former wife, reveals his own character and attitude, and how he subtly exerts power and control. The Duke refers to his former wife as â€Å"My Last Duchess†. The possessive pronoun â€Å"my† gives us the first implication that he saw her as a possession and that she is merely one in a line of many Duchesses. He is very possessive of his wife and wishes to control her even after death. The word â€Å"last† should not be interpreted as final, but as previous; the Duke intends to acquire another Duchess but indicates he would kill her, like his previous one, if she does not obey. + Similarly, in â€Å"Romeo and Juliet† Lord Capulet is very possessive of Juliet. â€Å"I will make a desperate tender of my child’s love† This indicates that Capulet sees his own daughter as his possession to give away. This is extremely similar to the Duke implying that he owns his wife and can do anything with her. The possessive pronoun â€Å"my† is also used by Capulet to indicate that he owns Juliet as if she were an object. The Duke and Lord Capulet both objectify and control their subordinates. Both the Duke and Lord Capulet live in fiercely patriarchal societies having power over their dominion as head of their respective hierarchies. The most engaging element of the poem is probably the speaker himself, the Duke. Objectively, its easy to identify him as a monster, since he had his wife murdered for what comes across as fairly innocuous crimes. However, he is impressively charming in his use of language; he is affable and precise in the way he speaks. â€Å"Will’t you sit and look at her? † Although this may seem like the Duke is very courteous and civilized, with further analysis we see that Browning has clearly used ironic disconnect. In fact, the Dukes excessive demand for control, ultimately comes across as his most defining characteristic. â€Å"I gave commands; then all smiles stopped together. † The obvious manifestation of this is the murder of his wife. The emissary is the Duke’s audience much as we are Robert Brownings, with the Duke exerting an unequivocal control over his story reflecting Browning’s precise crafting of the ironic disconnect. In contrast, Capulet is not at all subtle; he uses strong imperatives to simply command others. He does not hesitate in insulting or violently threatening family members. â€Å"My fingers Itch† He uses his intimidation to dictate the other characters. Also the insult â€Å"baggage† as previously analysed is exceedingly harsh and slanderous. Capulet is blunt and not afraid to speak the truth; as envisaged by him. In conclusion, the Duke and Capulet are similar in the amount of authority they wield, but the Duke is impressively subtle. Capulet, however, uses fear to his advantage, commanding and controlling his subjects. Capulet does not think twice in what he says, he is direct and ungracious whereas the Duke appears polite, pleasant and courtly; but in fact he is more deceitful and cunning in the execution of his power and control. Romeo and Juliet free essay sample In Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet, Act 3 Scene 5 shows the key relationships between Lord and Lady Capulet and their daughter Juliet. It concentrates on the conflict between them. This scene contrasts and compares strongly with three poems I have studied about parental relationships, which are; Catrin, Father to Son and This be the verse. In Catrin we see a mother’s love and also the conflict between her and her daughter, relating to Romeo and Juliet, with the relationship of Juliet and Lady Capulet. Father to Son concentrates on the conflict between a father and son. Lastly in This be the verse, Philip Larkin portrays very negative image about the relationship between parents and children, and concentrates mainly on conflict. The poem suggests that parents without meaning too ruin your life, which is similar to Romeo and Juliet. As Juliet’s parents start with good intentions but inadvertently not only ruins her life but leads to death. We will write a custom essay sample on Romeo and Juliet or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The three poems I studied are all very modern unlike Romeo and Juliet, which makes us read Romeo and Juliet differently to the poems as we have an understand that at the time parents had a lot more control over women. As women of this time had a lower status to men and all men owned their wives and children and to see a women even speak without a males consent to do was surprising. In Romeo and Juliet, the parental relationships concentrate on the conflict between Lord and Lady Capulet with their daughter Juliet. It’s also suggested that the nurse has brought Juliet up. Firstly, Juliet’s strained relationship with her mother is rather distant. Unlike the nurse’s relationship who is much more mother-like than Lady Capulet. Her father is much more opinionated and very much tries to control Juliet in her choices. Suggesting the time at which the play was written. In Act 3 scene 5, we see a changing of relations between Juliet and her parents and the nurse. Towards the beginning of the scene Lady Capulet enters Juliet’s room and perceives joyful news. We know this as she says â€Å"I’ll tell thee joyful tidings†, suggesting that Lady Capulet thinks she is telling news what Juliet wants to hear and that she Is being a good mother. However, to Lady Capulet’s surprise Juliet does quite the opposite, she says â€Å"I will not marry yet† this directly informs Lady Capulet of her choice. The disobedient behaviour surprises Lady Capulet, to implying she wants her daughter dead â€Å"fool were married to her grave† the use of fool is very insensitive and concentrates her opinions of her daughters resistance to not marry Paris. This extreme behaviour demonstrates Lady Capulet distant and not mother like behaviour to her daughter as any true mother would support the daughter’s wishes if the reasons were justified. Throughout the play, Lord Capulet presents his character as very aggressive and controlling. Act 3 Scene 5 demonstrates this, as he seen getting outrages at Juliet’s resistance to not wanting to marry Paris. He enters the scene, towards the end of Juliet’s and Lady Capulet’s brief discussion as Lady Capulet’s acquaints the â€Å"joyful tidings† to Juliet. He c++++ b- atechizes to Lady Capulet, â€Å"Have you deliver’d to her our decree†, this demanding expression informs us of Capulet’s decision to the marriage of his daughter and Paris. The use of â€Å"deliver’d† enlightens us on that Juliet has no choice in the matter of the marriage. When delivering news to someone, we’re giving them an order which we expect to be obeyed. Unlike if he ‘asked’ which is a request, and by definition leaves an opening for someone to decline. When Capulet realises Juliet has refused to marry Paris â€Å"not marry Paris†, Capulet response is far from calm, and he directs unthinkable insults at his own daughter. Green-sickness carrion is a double insult; it means she looks as green as something thats been dead a long time, and it means she is afflicted with the disgusting sickness that comes from being a girl, and not a married woman. A baggage is a good-for-nothing, someone whos just a burden, and tallow is animal fat used to make cheap candles. These disgusting insults to his own daughter, shows Capulet’s surprise and disgusts at his daughter not being obedient for once. Juliet and the Nurse share a very close bond throughout Romeo and Juliet, one that surpasses one of a girl and her servant. Since being her wet nurse and being there for Juliet for all her life the Nurse’s and Juliet’s relationship is very much mother and daughter like. The nurse gains the utmost trust in Juliet, meaning Juliet is comfortable and at ease speaking to the Nurse. However in Act 3 Scene 5, the nurse sides with Lord and Lady Capulet, â€Å"I think it best you married with the county†. Juliet feels betrayed and thus ends her faith in the Nurse and her intimate ties as well â€Å"Thou and my bosom henceforth shall be twain†. The nurse tries to comfort Juliet in her desperate situation, the Nurse offers her an easy solution — marry Paris and forget the dishclout Romeo. This amoral recommendation betrays Juliets trust and indicates the Nurses inability to understand the passionate intensity and spiritual nature of Romeo and Juliets love. After all, the Nurse regards Romeos and Juliet’s love as a temporary, physical relationship, and she sees Juliets marriage to Paris in entirely practical and economic terms. The Nurses failure to stand up for Juliet in the face of Capulets onslaught is also understandable. She understands Juliet’s great struggle if she chose to go against Lord and Lady Capulet’s demands. In the poem Catrin we see a mother and daughter’s relationship. In the poem, Gillian Clarke uses her own relationship with her daughter to present the love and conflict of parenting. She uses two crucial points in her relationship between her daughter, the birth and the present time. In stanza 1, she concentrates on the struggle of child birth. She describes it as â€Å"Fierce confrontation† and the struggle of fighting over the â€Å"red rope of love†. This â€Å"red rope† is the umbilical cord and shows the physical tie between her and her daughter. The use of ‘love’ in the description of the red cord shows us that she is bringing in the concepts of both love and conflict in the relationship of parents and children and that in this relationships it is both physical and emotional. In Stanza 2 she repeats this concept of the love and conflict of parenting, as her daughter wants to go play in the dark for one more hour â€Å"In the dark, for one more hour†. She starts the stanza off by saying â€Å"Neither won nor lost the stuggle†, this image recalls the tug of war image. It also shows that feelings may run very high on either side but the struggle between parents and children is not about winning or losing, but about change and growth on both sides. This is similar to the father poem in ‘From books of matches’ as the father does not agree with what his child has done, stating â€Å"you’ve lost your head†. ‘Trailing love and conflict’ is another reminder in Catrin that Clarke believes that the mother/daughter relationship is a somewhat turbulent one; there are confrontations and fights, but in the end it is a relationship with a deep ‘pool’ of love that will always be there, no matter the confrontation In the poem Father to son, the father speaks about the distance between him and the father despite living together since the time of his son’s birth. This links to Romeo and Juliet with the relationship of Lord Capulet and Juliet, as they are very much distant but again live in the same house. First of all the title suggests, the poem encompasses the feelings the father has towards his son, the use of ‘to’ in the title makes it looks like the poem is a letter from father to son, conveying the fathers feelings. The phrase also implies a one sided conversation with the father in the dominant role and the son passive and silent. The poems first verse is ‘I do not understand this child’, this immediately setting the tone of the poem. We learn about the distant straight away. Also the use of â€Å"this child† instead of a name confirms that the Father is neither addressing the son in the poem nor thinking of him as his son. Throughout the poem the father is not addressing the son directly but refers to him in the third person as if talking to another person, an outsider. This demonstrates the distance of their relationship. The use of â€Å"Built to my design† demonstrates the father and son relationship, as every biological parent has but yet outsiders see this bond but are not aware of the distance. Then going onto say â€Å"Yet what he loves I cannot share. † These two verses displays many relationships between parents and children except the word ‘loves’ is too strong for a normal parental affinity to be without. Starting off the third stanza with â€Å"silence surrounds us†, is again demonstrating the distance between the father and the son, as there are no foundations for them to relate to each other. The final stanza finishes off with â€Å"longing for something to forgive†, this is suggesting he wants forgiveness from his son however neither of them wants to make the first step but this verse is suggesting that if least they long to forgive, they will find a way to make things work. The structure of the poem very much relates to the constant distance of the relationship between the father and the son, as each line has the same number of syllables throughout the poem. However the poem has no regular structure and has only one verse made up of twenty four lines. There is also no significant rhyme scheme, as each line has the same number of syllables throughout the poem. Jennings poems, relates to the play Romeo and Juliet, because the regret to the response to Juliet’s death, is similar to the response of the regret of not having a relationship with his son. Also the main link is the distance between Lord and Lady Capulet relationship with Juliet, they also live in the same house but have no connection. In ‘This be the verse’, Philip Larkin writes the poem in the second person which suggests to us that he is wanting to teach us something. Unlike in Catrina where Clarke presents the relationship as love and conflict, Philip presents the relationship between parent and child as very negative and only concentrates on the bad points of parenting. He describes the relation between ‘you’ and your parents in stanza 1. He starts the poem of with â€Å"they fuck you up, your mum and dad† this strong opening which jolts the reader to pay attention, as the obscenity of the taboo language shocks the reader, it also very much sets the tone of the poem. The use of ‘mum and dad’, instead of mother and father suggests the tone is very informal. He then goes onto say that â€Å"They fill you up with the faults they had† Larkin shows sympathy to kids how they inherit their parents bad behaviours, and no matter how hard they try to avoid it, they will become just like their parents. The next stanza, Larkin offers an escape to the blame of the parents when he describes them as â€Å"fucked up in their turn†. He’s saying that parents cant help that they have inherited their parents drama and how it is a tradition to wreck your children. This is all very extreme opinions. He then goes on to say that Old-style hats and coats this points out previous generations, such as parents or grandparents. Soppy means overly sentimental and stern means strict; so the previous generation was overly protective, which is inevitably passed on to their children. His opinion is pessimistic, how it’s a never ending cycle. The last stanza, continues with the negative tone. The first verse is â€Å"man hands on misery to man† he is trying to say that misery is a part of life and there is no escaping it. He ends the poem with â€Å"get out as early as you can, and have any kids yourself† this is a very strong point to make and it emphasises the negative impression Larkin wants to convey about the relationship between parents and children. This poems links to Romeo and Juliet, of the conflict between Lord Capulet and his daughter Juliet in Act 3 scene 5 when Juliet disobeys his order to marry paris. In conclusion, analysing Act 3 Scene 5 gave us great detail of how Shakespeare presents the conflict and love between Juliet, her parents and the nurse. With linking the relationships in Romeo and Juliet and the 3 poems reflected the attitudes of when they were written and the patriarchal society. The relationship with Juliet and Lord Capulet emulates the Love and conflict in the relationships the strongest, how earlier on in the play Lord Capulet shows concern and love towards Juliet but in Act 3 Scene 5 demonstrates the conflict. The negativity of This be the verse, the mothers love and conflict in Catrin and, the distance in Father to Son all demonstrate the main aspects of the parental relationship’s in Act 3 Scene 5. Romeo and Juliet free essay sample According to Aristotle (335BC), an essential element in the ‘good or fine’ character of every great tragic hero is ‘hamartia’, the fatal flaw. The tragic hero’s fatal flaws inevitably lead to negative consequences in his life. The character of Romeo, the tragic hero[1] of William Shakespeare’s cautionary tragedy Romeo and Juliet, contains three key fatal flaws that condemn him and others to death. Through employing the dramatic techniques of meaningful dialogue, soliloquy, narrative structure, and characterisation, Shakespeare privileges that Romeo’s flaws of irresponsibility, rashness and waywardness were stereotypical of upper-class youth[2] during the Renaissance[3]. Romeo’s fatal flaw of irresponsibility is foregrounded throughout the play as he repeatedly relies on fate. By obliviously relying on chance when he is ‘in love’ and then blaming fate when he meets conflict, Romeo shirks off responsibility for his own actions and decisions (Shakespeare, 1597, I. i. 160). By gate-crashing Capulet’s banquet, where ‘’tis no wit to go’ as a Montague, he recklessly lends himself to chance (I. We will write a custom essay sample on Romeo and Juliet or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page iv. 50). Indirectly, this risk taken by Romeo is the cause of Tybalt’s and Mercutio’s death. After irrationally mourning for Mercutio and murdering Tybalt, Romeo then dubs himself ‘fortune’s fool’ (III. i. 132), blaming ‘[t]his day’s black fate’ (III. i. 114) for his predicament. Through this event, Shakespeare conveys a cautionary warning to the audience by inviting that Romeo’s irresponsibility in love results in the downfall of Romeo, Mercutio and Tybalt. When in love, Romeo also possesses the character of rashness. It is a common element in tragedies for the tragic hero to hastily disregard repeated forebodings and warnings of doom, and that this would contribute to his eventual downfall in the play (Aristotle, 335BC). In Romeo and Juliet, Romeo receives countless premonitions and omens from ‘the stars’ hanging above foreshadowing the lovers’ approaching doom (I. iv. 113). Yet, the hero does not appear to take these to heart when in the face of love. Just before attending Capulet’s banquet, Romeo reflects, ‘I fear†¦/ Some consequence, yet hanging in the stars†¦/ With this night’s revels’ (I. iv. 112-115). Nonetheless, he immediately decides, ‘Let come what may, once more I will behold/ My Juliet’s eyes! / In our hearts dwell love and endless peace’ (i. iv. 121). It is almost as if Romeo’s rational judgement is ‘hoodwinked’ by Cupid’s bow (I. iv. 4). In Act Three, both Romeo and Juliet perceive the other as ‘one dead in the bottom of a tomb’ (III. v. 56) and ‘pale’ (III. v. 57). Romeo even further comments, ‘Dry sorrow drinks our blood’ (III. v. 59). Shakespeare couples this dialogue with Romeo’s premonition in Mantua – ‘I dreamt that my lady came and found me dead’– to convey an obvious sense of foreshadowing and foreboding doom to the audience, as it was a commonly thought in the Renaissance that dreams actually came true (V. i. 5). Nonetheless, Romeo obliviously pursues his deepening relationship with Juliet. For the rest of the play, he gives no contemplation to the ‘ill-divining’ warnings (III. v. 54). Indeed, the ‘misadventured piteous overthrows’ (I. Prologue. ) of the lovers and those around them did come true in the end, even when Romeo attempts to ‘defy you, stars’ (V. i. 25). Shakespeare almost forces the audience to believe that Romeo’s obliviousness to the omens he encounters along the ‘fearful passage of their death-marked love’ may have ca used their death (I. Prologue. 9). Through this privileged belief, Shakespeare cautions the audience about the flaw of rashness. Another way through which Shakespeare depicts Romeo as impulsive and rash is manipulating the play’s narrative structure, particularly plot development and the outcomes of Romeo’s impetuous decisions. Shakespeare’s primary source when writing Romeo and Juliet was Arthur Brooke’s narrative poem, Romeus and Juliet. Instead of consolidating his relationship with Juliet for three months like Romeus does, Romeo is betrothed to his lover within twenty-four hours of their first encounter. Shakespeare’s adaptation heavily accentuates Romeo’s recklessness by suggesting that his decisions are excessively quick and ill-considered. The foreshadowing of Romeo’s eventual downfall occurs when Romeo confers with Friar Laurence about marrying Juliet ‘on sudden haste’ (II. iii. 96). In reply, the friar cautions, ‘Wisely, and slow. They stumble that run fast’ (II. iii. 97). This proverb, verbalised by a strong symbol of wisdom and nobility, is possibly the most central moral lesson in Shakespeare’s didactic play. This privileged belief of care and wisdom in one’s every actions is also foregrounded later when Romeo irrationally murders Tybalt with ‘valour’s steel†¦[and] fire-eyed fury’ (III. i. 110-119), as well as when he immediately rushes to the apothecary for a ‘dram of poison’ (V. i. 63) to commit suicide upon hearing news of Juliet’s ‘death’. In both situations, Romeo’s decisions and actions are consumed with his passionate, ‘brawling love’ (I. i. 168) for Juliet that ultimately reduces him to a ‘desperate man’ (V. iii. 59) and a ‘weary’ ‘life†¦taker’ (V. i. 65). Because both situations result in terrible downfall, Shakespeare cautions that recklessness in love is a fatal flaw in one’s character, just as Levenson (1987) wrote, ‘Youth repeatedly expires in its own ardency like a flash of lightning, while mature society endures – for better or for worse – to perform the funeral rites. ’ Throughout the play, Shakespeare repeatedly foregrounds Romeo’s waywardness in love. His love ‘groaned for†¦tender Juliet’ (II. Prologue. 3-4), exemplified by his thoughts, ‘Did my heart love till now? Forswear it, sight. / For I never saw true beauty till this night’ (I. v. 51-52), fully exposes the protagonist’s waywardness. Even when Romeo learns that Juliet is a Capulet – ‘Is she a Capulet? / O dear account. My life is my foe’s debt’ (I. v. 123-124) – he immediately resolves to rebel against hardened interfamilial distinctions with a ‘passion [that] lends them power, time means, to meet,/ Tempering extremities with extreme sweet’ (II. Prologue. 13-14). Just as Mercutio calls him, Romeo descends into madness; ‘Romeo! Humours! Madman! Passion! Lover! / He heareth not, he stirreth not, he moveth not’ (II. i. 9-17). Mercutio likens him to an ‘ape’ (II. i. 18), dead from the spirits of love that must be ‘conjured’ (II. i. 28) out of him in order ‘to raise up him’ (II. i. 31) back to normal. Shakespeare positions the audience to perceive Romeo as ‘blind’ (II. i. 34) and lost or ‘not to be found’ (II. i. 45) in his love. The erratic nature of his love is also foregrounded in Romeo’s soliloquy where he cries, ‘Ha, banishment? Be merciful, say â€Å"death†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (III. iii. 13). Shakespeare invites that Romeo prefers ‘some vile forfeit of untimely death’ (I. iv. 117), ‘[f]or exile hath more terror in his look’ (III. iii. 14), forcing the audience to believe that Romeo’s wayward, day-old relationship with Juliet has already transformed him into an irrational, raving, ‘unthankful’, ‘deadly†¦rude†¦mad man’ (III. iii. 25-53). This aspect of irrationality in his nature is further oregrounded by his rants in third-person speech, where he refers to himself as ‘Romeo’ (III. iii. 34-41). It is almost as if, in his rage, he has detached his mind from his physical body. As the play progresses, the audience notices that Romeo increasingly prioritises ‘my Juliet’ (V. i. 15) far above his own ‘de spised life’ (I. iv. 116). Shakespeare cautions the audience that the flaw of waywardness caused by love has fatally plagued Romeo: ‘Thus with a kiss I die’ (V. iii. 121). ‘In tragic life, God wot, No villain need be! Passions spin the plot: We are betrayed by what is false within. ’ (George Meredith, 1862) Romeo and Juliet, the ‘epitome of youth’, are betrayed only by Romeo’s false and fatal flaws of irresponsibility, rashness and waywardness when in love (Ashcroft, 1982, p. 25). Shakespeare masterfully instructs the audience on the flaws of upper-class youth in love through setting an example of Romeo and Juliet’s ‘death-marked love’ (Shakespeare, 1597, I. Prologue. 9). Shakespeare concludes with, ‘For never was a story of more woe/ Than this of Juliet and her Romeo’ (V. iii. 316-317). Shakespeare’s masterpiece certainly is a cautionary Aristotelian tragedy of youth and love. (901 words) Appendix A: Who is the tragic hero of the play? Although both Romeo and Juliet are ‘eligible’ to be the tragic hero of Romeo and Juliet due to their ‘rich and noble status’ and altruistic characters, it is Romeo who plays this role. (Aristotle, 335BC) Shakespeare constructs him as a flawed character throughout the play, presumably because he is constantly in love, while the virtuosity of ‘true and faithful Juliet’ is only tainted by Romeo’s negative influence. (V. iii. 09) Shakespeare positions the audience to compare Juliet’s personality before and after meeting Romeo in order to highlight his effect on her.

Porphyrias Lover, My Last Duchess and To His Coy Mistress Essay Example

Porphyrias Lover, My Last Duchess and To His Coy Mistress Paper I have chosen two poems by Robert Browning, Porphyrias Lover and My Last Duchess, and one by the earlier poet Andrew Marvell, To His Coy Mistress. In this essay I plan to compare the contrasting approaches to love in these three poems, and how the poets achieve their aims through language. This can be done using poetic devices such as enjambment, rhyme scheme and meter and language including diction, metaphors and similes. My last Duchess is a dramatic monologue. This means that only one person is talking and therefore only his point of view is shown. This point of view shows his personality and how he feels towards his wife. The poem begins, Thats my last Duchess painted on the wall, Looking as if she were alive. I call. That piece a wonder, now: Fra Pandolfs hands Worked busily a day, and there she stands. This gives the reader the impression that the man does not care about his wife, but more about the value of the painting and how a famous painter spent lots of time painting it. Straight away the reader can see that this man is cold and not passionate towards his deceased wife. We will write a custom essay sample on Porphyrias Lover, My Last Duchess and To His Coy Mistress specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Porphyrias Lover, My Last Duchess and To His Coy Mistress specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Porphyrias Lover, My Last Duchess and To His Coy Mistress specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Two easily impressed: she liked whateer She looked on, and her looks went everywhere. Here the man believes that his wife was too easily impressed and affectionate towards others and other things. He wants his wife to adore him and no other, and therefore is a selfish man. This also includes enjambment which makes the dramatic monologue seem more like a speech which he is dictating and shows him as very egotistical and self absorbed. The speech becomes very disturbing when he says: Then all smiles stopped together. Here he is morbid and cold hearted as he is saying that because she did not completely adore him, he killed her, or at least that is the impression the reader gets. His selfish personality has become disgustingly evil as he is willing to kill his own wife just because he did not have her complete admiration. How horrid and mean must a man be to do that? Together down, sir, Notice Neptune, though Taming a sea horse, thought a rarity, Which Claus of Innsbruck cast in bronze for me! Here he has moved on from showing his guest the painting to another one of his prized objects, and that is what he sees her as, an object. Just like an object she was disposed of just as easily as she was obtained. The reader by the end of the poem understands that the man has no passion towards his previous wife, only the disgust of how his wife was too easily impressed, which to most people would be seen as a good quality. This is in great contrast to Porphyrias Lover as this shows no passion at all, and Porphyrias Lover is all about passion and emotion. The rain set early in to-night, The sullen wind was soon awake. The rain and hard wind show the mans mood, and this is an unhappy and loveless one. This mood however is completely reversed, When glided in Porphyria; straight She shut out the cold and the storm. Now the cold and storm have gone, showing his previously discontented mood has been rid of , and he is now full of love and happiness due to a beautiful damsel fleeing from the storm and seeking shelter. This poem is inclusive of the weather and another character unlike My Last Duchess which includes only one character, the rich man. This poem may be less egotistical but still just as sinister, unpleasant and inclusive of death. He falls deeply in love with Porphyria and wishing that time would stand still he took her hair in one long string, and wound it Three times her little throat around, And strangled her. Unlike seeing her as an object, he sees her as a wonderful woman, on a higher level, but the twist is whilst they are in such deep love with each other he kills her. This may be seen as selfish as in the last poem but she loved him too so in his twisted mind it was fine to keep this moment where they love each other forever, and to do this he kills her. He still is in just as much praise of her as before and believes she is such a brilliant woman. Like the last poem this is sinister, but is very passionate. To His Coy Mistress is also very passionate, but is not cold like the others. It is more for comic purposes as the way in which the man talks to the mistress to get her in bed with him is comic. My vegetable love should grow Vaster than empires, and more slow; An hundred years should go to praise. He rudely and comically uses vegetable love as a metaphor for his penis erecting and then says how he wants to praise her. The first stanza therefore is all about the lustful man saying that if there was time enough he would spend it praising her. This is all very comic and would seem so to the coy lady. I believe it would make her laugh and blush and the man to her would seem witty and appealing. However, unlike in the last poem where the woman is seen as a wonderful woman who is on a higher level, here he is trying to reduce her and bring her down to his level and in to his bed, literally. It retains however the passion. This passion is in the form of lust and Porphyrias Lover is more passion in the form of love, however disturbing it may be. In conclusion love in these poems is portrayed in a number of different ways. My Last Duchess is very cold poem where the woman is objectified and there is a distorted view of love. There is also little passion shown. Porphyrias lover is quite a passionate poem, which portrays the woman as respectable and brilliant. However the love becomes sinister as in My last Duchess. To his Coy Mistress is much more light hearted than the others and is comic. The poem is quite passionate, but lust is the form of passion and that is not true love, but a love that like in My Last Duchess objectifies the woman. Also the women in the two poems are seen as less important as in Porphyrias Lover which represents the woman as the most important thing in the world. Therefore Browning poems are more sinister and different to Marvell which is more like Donne as their poems are more co mic and lustful.

Running Essays - RTT, Diverticulosis, Physical Fitness, Free Essays

Running Essays - RTT, Diverticulosis, Physical Fitness, Free Essays Running In this study, I investigate the affects that running has on reducing the risk of some health problems. I am doing this because I run about 40 to 60 miles per week, and my family has a history of health problems. For instance, my grandfather suffered a heart attack, and he also had cancer when he was about the age of 50. Furthermore, my grandfather, on my dads side of the family, has also had triple bi-pass heart surgery from a heart attack he has had recently. Here, I present information from some sources that talk about the affects that running has on reducing health risks. My sources agree that running, and some other aerobic exercises, reduce the risk of: Diabetes, diverticular disease, heart decease, several types of cancer, and even common sicknesses like a cold. One source agrees that running reduces the risk of diabetes. Jim Harmon writes, in Sports Illustrated, about Bruce Leonard, a marathoner with a masters degree in public health. Bruce Leonard went to study the Zuni Indian tribe. This tribe has had a bad history of diabetes until they started to run. Leonard said, After the Zuni tribe started running, many Zuni were able to reduce or eliminate their diabetes medication.(5) My research also reveled that diverticular disease can be reduced in men that run. For instance, Marty Munson and Teresa Yeykal writes in the article Outrun trouble which says, guys who racked up the most ours doing vigorous exercise reduced their risks of diverticular decease by a third.(38) They also say its good advice to make your lifestyle to consume high fiber.(38) I found that running can also reduce the risk of heart disease. The article Run for your life talks about Mitchell H. Whaley, the director of adult physical fitness program at Ball State University. He analyzed data collected from a group of men, which included runners. Mitchell Whaley found that individuals with low aerobic capacity have a higher risk of developing premature coronary artery decease that those who were more fit.(47) The article also talks about Martha L. Slattery, Ph.D., from the University of Utah Medical School. Maria Slattery also found that running is a good preventive measure for heart disease. She says, The greatest increase in protection was between those men who were sedentary and those who had some activity.(48) Another source I found says that running can help prevent many types of cancer. In the article Running for your life, Doctor Leonard Cohen talks about how running helps reduce colon, breast, cervical, uterine, and ovarian cancer. Cohen says A growing body of evidence suggest that physical activity reduces the risk of cancer, particularly colon and breast cancer.(23) Overall, my sources state that even though running isnt a cure, it is definitely a preventive measure for many health problems. They all agree that running can do no harm, and there are many positive aspects. After doing this research, I am going to continue running or at least some king of aerobic exercise, hoping that it will prevent me from following in my grandparents footsteps.

Terrorism, Urban Guerrillas, The Case of Greece, Interaction of the Essay

Terrorism, Urban Guerrillas, The Case of Greece, Interaction of the phenomenon with the city - Essay Example Coming to violence, there has been an evolution of the means and methods used in the past and those of the modern twenty first century. The barbarity of the old form of violence cannot be expected to come back in modern sophisticated times. However as Baudrillard observes, the violence of the old â€Å"was more enthusiastic and more sacrificial than ours† (Baudrillard, 1993, p. 75). In contrast, the violence of modern times is more of â€Å"terror† struck by the changing ideologies of hypermodernity. Hoffman calls this a â€Å"simulacrum of violence†. This change in the form and objectives of the terrorists over the years can be explained with the psychoanalysis of Baudrillard and Lacan and the interplay of the symbolic and the imaginary. It is also important to note here the role of the unconscious, its connection to the Real and the way it is related to terrorists’ activities (without any definite objective). Terrorists function with the bigger goal of s timulating the psyche of the masses across the word and creating a strong global impact, thus acting within a symbolic order and trying to create meaning. A simulacrum is the representation of the reality according to Borges fable where the map represented the changing territories of the Empire. Simulation can no more be anything substantial; it is rather something, which originates from nothing or a ‘void’, ideally referred as the ‘hyperreal’ - â€Å"truth that hides the fact that there is none† (Baudrillard, 1994, p.1). The act of simulation refers to the pretention of having something which one does not possess. However this simulation might challenge or threaten the gap between what is true and false or the real and the imaginary. For instance, a person who pretends to be sick needs to produce some of the symptoms of the illness to make it look like the truth. Now if illnesses can be produced then medicine does not hold its significance. Psychoan alysis explains this as the transfer of the â€Å"symptom of the organic order to the unconscious order: the latter is new and taken for â€Å"real† more real than the other.† (Baudrillard, 1994, p.3) Baudrillard in his work The Transparency of Evil refers to such simulation of terrorism the result of a ‘plunge into the void’ by the society (Baudrillard, 1993, p.76). Normally, the military law would punish the simulator after he is unmasked, following the identification norm. Military psychology avoids Cartesian certainties and believes that if one is good at producing the symptoms then one actually is that good. The unconscious is therefore the real to Baudrillard (Baudrillard, 1994, p.4). The relation is no more similar to the map and the territory. The relation can be more easily explained by the mention of the screen, which evokes the passion for the action. It is all about the violence in form of image. Baudrillard stresses on the presence of media wh en he observes this – â€Å"it is advisable not to be in a public place where television is operating, considering the high probability that its very presence will precipitate a violent event† (Baudrillard, 1993, p. 75). The media therefore provides a modern dimension to the incidence of violence. The causes when analyzed do not refer to the typical political, sociological or psychological reasons, which can explain such events. It is rather about publicity, which creates the mass appeal required. The same thing happened where hijackers

Disposal of Industrial Wastewater and Alternatives Essay

Disposal of Industrial Wastewater and Alternatives - Essay Example It is not surprising to meet industrial sewer water spilling on the surface. Notably, no one seems to see the impact that the industrial sewer water has to the society. Water serves the society in almost all aspects. Arguably, industrial functions, domestic functions, and environmental functions require water. This certainly means that all process in both environmental setup and industrial set up require water. It is right, therefore, to argue that water is the source of human livelihood. That well said, environmentalists argue in favor of processes or activities that preserve sources of water. Constant awareness creation has acted in the recent past as a tool that used by the environmentalists to enlighten the society about the consciousness in preserving nature. On the other hand, development conscious think tanks work proposals that aim at creating more opportunity that would lead to development.   Industrialization and activities relating to it have often featured in their-ever-changing- development agenda. Industrialists site a number of reasons that support their course in the society. First, industrialization creates opportunities for the society such as employment. These opportunities promote the well-being of the society. Second, promoting industrialization ideology creates an opportunity for trade among countries or states. Trade brings products to the proximity of the consumers. What would happen when there is no trade? Would people be able to get products they need in the society? Holding social fabrics together entails a number of factors, which must promote the existence of people. Do we argue that environment has limited opportunities to offer to humankind? Probably not, but exhausting the opportunities in the environment would create a detrimental outcome to the society.

Summary and opinion Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Summary and opinion - Research Paper Example Bankers state that pricing an offering for the company to register quick gains once the trading begins is the best approach. This is because the strategy enables the company to improve its relationship with the big investors while at the same improving the reputation of the company in the market. However, too much of hype is detrimental to the success of the company in the market. This is because the investors who buy the shares during the first week are likely to sell them very quickly in order to make high returns. In order to avoid a runaway stock, the company should control the number of shares it offers in the market. This is to reduce the demand which might increase the prices. In addition, the company should control the information being released in the market to avoid creating unrealistic expectations among the investors (Raice, 2012). Some companies might prefer to raise as much money as possible once they introduce the shares in the market. This approach can work with investors who are likely to be patient. However, there is a high risk that the prices of the shares might decline in the first weeks of trading. Therefore, creating a strong investor relationship is very important in securing the future of the company. Therefore, the company should communicate effectively, observe the ethical standards, comply with the set rules, and audit its operations in order to identify the need to make changes (Raice, 2012). With the entry of the internet in the market, it is becoming very hard for the companies to control the pop associated with entering in the stock market. However, companies need to audit their books in order to know their worth before releasing the information to the market. This is to ensure that they have a strong base to support their operations in case the shares fail to raise the expected amount of money. This has seen many companies fail to reach the target as many of the initial

Importance of Smartphone Security in Business Environment

Importance of Smartphone Security in Business Environment 1.0 Introduction The purpose of this document is to expose a business problem from a technological viewpoint. The subject of the business problem I have selected is smartphone security. This subject will be analysed and critically evaluated, then expanded upon further to reflect the range of possible solutions and raise awareness of the risk and need of smartphone security. 1.1 Aims and objectives Aims Create an authoritative document with recommendations to raise awareness and inform businesses for the need of greater mobile security within the business environment. Use insight to establish a research gap. Main objectives Assess smart mobile devices currently used. Analyse security advantages and disadvantages of smart mobile devices. Establish what risks smart mobile devices are exposed to. Evaluate impact of risk exposed by unsecure mobile devices to businesses. Examine mobile security currently available. Investigate responsibility Evaluate current business policies and procedures for mobile devices and how these can be enforced. Construct smartphone security guide with recommendations for businesses. 1.2 Problem statement The problem is information and financial loss due to information theft or inaccessibility from malicious software, and the detrimental impact this has upon the business. A recent report from Gartner (reference report) indicates that sales of smartphones have grown exponentially and businesses are reaping the benefits gained from smartphones, however their use also creates security risks and opportunities for cybercriminals. There are many types of information that can be stored on smartphones for example, personally identifiable information in the form of identity credentials, email, SMS and MMS messages, GPS coordinates, passwords, company documents and connectivity access information to company servers as just some of the examples. Information security has gained significant value within the business domain over the past decade however this value remains subjective (why subjective? And value pertaining to what?). Users have been made aware of the risks posed by malicious software whilst using their personal computer on the internet, now assistive technology like smart mobile devices are becoming increasingly more powerful, functional and ubiquitous. Where personal computers have at least some security software in place as standard, smartphones commonly have no security software installed as a standard and are susceptible to (Malware, Viruses, trojans,etc-examples please ;)) the exact same threats as to personal computers. Businesses, professionals and personal users now have a greater awareness for the need of personal computer security. This has been provided by media coverage, enterprise training or through personal experience. When using a personal computer or laptop for example, it is common to find a firewall and antivirus software installed showing that internet safety has now become a social normalcy. â€Å"†¦Smartphones are more powerful than supercomputers were a few years ago, and we are putting them in the hands of people whove never had anything like it before. Google CEO Eric Schmidt As Schmidt states smartphones are pervasive devices, workers typically need training on these devices as they are multifunctional and unless people are aware of the threats these devices pose the consequences can be detrimental on the business. Todays organisations rely heavily upon information technology in order to allow their business to function (Khosrowpour, 2001). This is fundamentally due to how intricate information technology systems are embedded into organisations. Smartphones provide businesses with many new opportunities (sweeping statement-what opportunities and is this your opinion/referencing?) however these opportunities provided by smartphones exist not just for business and personal users as the opportunity extends to cybercriminals too. Malware is one of the most common sources of security failures within businesses currently (sweeping statement-most common according to who?), they have the same capabilities as personal computers and are used within business environments in the same manner, however they are typically unsecure and rely solely upon the standard out-of-the-box security features with no antivirus or firewall present. There are many different mobile operating systems for smart mobile devices requiring different security applications. The operating systems and the risks associated will be carefully analysed. The intentions of this paper are to investigate what impacts smart mobile devices can have on businesses, why these problems affect the organisation, and how they are overcome. Finally, insight will be gathered and recommendations made so that businesses can use to foresee and prevent future unnecessary costs and risk. 2.0 Literature review The focus of the subject proposed for this project is a very real-world business and information technology problem. Smartphone security is a recognisable potential problem for both individuals and businesses as most smartphone users including businesses and educational establishments do not have any specific policies in place to safeguard from smartphone security related issues. Because smartphone security is still in its infancy, it will be a challenge to source accurate and relevant information from authoritative sources such as ‘Emerald without resorting to web based research. However, the more this project advances smartphone security in the media is becoming omnipresent. For the project a survey will be proposed in order to gain knowledge for understanding how aware users are for the need of smartphone security. This survey will target as many participants as possible in order to gather appropriate primary evidence. Interviews will be conducted with professionals in the field of smartphones and security such as police personnel, security advisors and mobile phone shop staff to ascertain levels of security training, public security literature and knowledge. Authoritative information sources will be used to gain technical information directly from manufactures, websites and retail outlets such as Apple, Android, Research In Motion, Nokia and Microsoft for documentation on smartphones and smartphone platforms. Only technical information will be used from these sources as it is in manufacturers interests to sell their products Analysis of the survey will be done using statistical analysis tools including IBMs ‘SPSS, ‘SPSS Text Analysis software and more modern statistical analysis web-based techniques such as MarketSight. MarketSight is a hosted research data reporting environment accessible by the internet and only available through the internet browser Microsoft explorer whereas SPSS is software directly installed onto a computer. ‘Malware: the new legal risk the paper written by Verine Etsebeth in 2007 has invaluable source material for this project. Acquired from Emerald Insight, it is very suitable to this project as it highlights the threat of malware and risks posed to businesses. It is well written and authoritative however Emerald specified it was unique as no such document has been published previously. The majority of sources used by Etsebeth are from Harley, D; Slade, R and Gattiker, U. Etsebeth references Viruses Revealed (McGraw-Hill, New York, NY 2001) This source is recognised and trusted within the industry as a whole and is considered to be authoritative and well-documented on its own merit. This paper focuses on the legal and professional implications of malware on companies in South Africa Etsebeths home town. This paper is very suitable for this project as it is a very well written and authoritative document, the majority of sources used by Etsebeth are from Harley, D., Slade, R. and Gattiker, U. (2001) Viruses Revealed, McGraw-Hill, New York, NY. The source used by Etsebeth ‘Viruses Revealed as a well-documented authoritative document published by McGraw-Hill, a recognized trusted source. Etsebeth is a senior lecturer in the Faculty of law specialising in the areas of law and information security. Although Etsebeths paper ‘Malware: the new legal risk is highly suitable in terms of qualitative information, it lacks suitable geographic law for the scope of my project. I will use the information provided by Etsebeth for Malware, as this information is not geographically bound, and analyse the legal implications after comparing them to UK law. Etsebth highlights that companies are reluctant to report cybercrimes as it has negative implications on the companys reputation this correlates to my hypothesis. ‘Understanding the spreading patterns of mobile phone viruses by Pu Wang, Marta Gonzalez, Cesar Hidalgo and Albert-laszlo Barabasi is a technical journal based on mobile phone virus modelling and the understanding of spreading patterns. The journal was published in 2009 and investigates various mobile platforms relating to my assignment however the document is a highly technical report based on the mathematics of virus spreading patterns, I find this report to be highly enlightening however due to the technical awareness of the target reader of my assignment I believe this report to be too technical and out of scope. Authoritative information directly from manufactures websites and retail outlets will be used including Apple, Android, Research In Motion, Nokia and Microsoft for documentation on smartphones and smartphone platforms as this will allow me to access accurate and current reliable information directly. Secondary information sources will be avoided where possible such as blogs and review websites for direct smartphone technical information as these types of resources may facilitate in providing inaccurate facts. Local mobile phone retail outlets such as Orange, Vodaphone, Phones4u, The Carphone Warehouse, O2 and T-Mobile will provide me with valuable information on device security awareness. I will enquire on staff security training and in-house company security literature currently available to public and business consumers as this will affect the average smartphone users security awareness. After investigation smartphone security I established that some research in this area had been done already by Goode Intelligence a UK company based in London. ‘Goode Intelligence is a company that provide strategic research and analysis that specialises in information security. Founded in 2007, Goode Intelligence has provided clients globally with statistical information from evidence accumulated from surveys in the field of information security. Goode Intelligence is viewed as an authoritative market leader of information security consumer information. 2.3 How this project fits in with the literature review I had chosen the subject then chosen the literature review method, thus tailoring the literature review to fit the requirements of the project. The Survey will allow me access information on how smartphone users actually use their device, how important they view the information stored on the device and users perception of the need for security 3.0 Research methods 3.1 Hypothesis ‘Businesses are not aware that they are at risk of information and financial loss or theft due to malware infections on smartphone devices. Information Technology consultants have recognised the gap in security for mobile devices, however it was soon realised that the physical security of the device was not the real issue, as the need for smartphone security awareness within businesses was a far greater concern. Experience establishes that the best form of security is the awareness for the need of security and why by the individuals who use the technology. Smartphone malware is not seen as of great importance to IT professionals, business managers or general consumers. A majority of smartphone users use their devices for both business and personal use and a large share of smartphone users will be using their personal smartphone for work related activities. The assumption is based that most individuals would know what information they deemed as confidential, more specifically, what information would they not like others to access to include such things as calendar, contacts, photos, emails and files. IT professionals should be the most aware group of smartphone malware risk, as their experience and technological awareness should allow them to be more technologically security aware. Antivirus used on personal computers is well known to hinder system performance and conflict with some applications and other software, The hypothesis is that antivirus products will consume more system resources then current smartphones can afford to offer and require more power from the device ultimately reducing the battery life and impacting negatively on overall system performance, rendering the device unusable by the average user. The perception of products such as the iPhone are viewed as secure out-of-the-box along with Blackberry smartphones as they are mostly touted by mobile phone shop staff as business orientated secure devices. 3.2 Methodology The project will be implemented using a triangulated, positivistic methodological approach. The particular technique chosen this will provide a balanced view of the subject area. It will incorporate both quantitative and qualitative primary research methods as reffered to by Bryman as multi-strategy research (Bryman, 2006). The scope of this project will mostly be Quantitative based research as indicted in Fig 1 below. Bryman advises that quantitative data can be gathered by way of a survey and qualitative research collected from journals and interviews. The Initial research will be conducted using primary research in the form of a cross-sectional survey questionnaire with closed questioning, interviews with professionals in the field of smartphone related security such as police personnel, security advisors and mobile phone shop staff will also be conducted to gain knowledge of their awareness of smartphone security and what advice they provide. The survey will be available to respondents in paper form where needed however the survey respondents targeted will mostly be from the internet so it is required that the survey be electronically hosted. The web-based survey distribution method selected is ‘Survey Monkey. The main motivations for selecting ‘Survey Monkey are reputation, administration features, ease of access and user layout familiarity. The survey will be designed to be concise and simple to maximise the amount of respondents in order to gain quality information. The target survey population will represent business managers, IT professionals as well as individuals who use their smartphone for personal use to establish users who admit to using their smartphone for both business and personal as opposed to personal use only. This is suggested by Baxter as an important step in defining who should be included and excluded from participating in the survey (Baxter, L. Babbie, E, 2004). The users have been targeted as the project will establish not only the perception of smartphone security but also what smartphone policies and procedures are currently in place and how aware users are of these. Research indicates that an ideal resource for the proposed target users is through a popular internet based technological social news website named ‘Reddit. ‘Reddit has a daily turnover of over 850.000 unique users (Alexa, 2010). According to Alexa the average ‘Redditors are male between the age of 18 to 44, are well educated and browses ‘Reddit either from work or home, suggesting that the majority of ‘Redditors are working professionals in the technology field.This suggest that the average ‘Reddit user is technologically aware (Alexa, 2010), suggesting that ‘Reddit would suit the proposed target survey participant. The proposed project will be delivered using an analytical in-depth research structure. This project structure has been selected as it will primarily be research based on the current business problem as previously stated. The intentions are to analyse the problem, understand how aware people are of the issue and propose possible solutions, One method of analysis proposed is the conceptual method, as described by Beaney as a way of breaking down or analysing concepts into their constituent parts in order to gain knowledge (Beaney 2003). I have interpreted this to mean the compartmentalisation and analysis of data. Critical and creative thinking skills such as Edward.De Bono six thinking hats will be used to examine the problem domain. A review will be given on how the systems work and compare them to how they should work. I will then analyse the solution domain by examining which options are available to improve the system security along with optimal recommendation and the benefits this would provide. ‘SPSS is a well-established statistical analysis application first released in 1968. Randomised questions, Marketsight. Survey design 4.0 Results 4.1 Presentation and description of results Who took part? The survey was conducted to establish the awareness of information security and the need for smartphone security. Users were openly invited from technological backgrounds to partake in the survey and assured of anonymity. A total of 758 people responded to the online survey from a possible 854,998 potential participants (Fig. 2). The survey itself was open for one month during February and March 2011. The results indicated in Figure 2 that a majority share of survey participants, with 82 per cent being male and 18 per cent female confirms my survey target gender. When asked, both genders averaged at age 26 (Fig. 3) as denoted in Figure 3, again confirming my target survey demographic groups. When asked 53 per cent of respondents reported they had used their smartphone solely for personal use, opposed to 45 per cent of partakers that reported they used their smartphone for both business and personal use, with 2 per cent reporting to use a smartphone solely for business use only as shown in Fig. 4 combining a total of 47 per cent. 25 per cent of respondents had only been using smartphones for the past six months, 17 per cent were aware they had been using them for at least a year and a majority percentage of 59 per cent had been using smartphones for more than one year seen in Figure 5. Only 12 per cent of respondents opted to use the ‘pay as you go payment facilities as opposed to the greater majority of 88 per cent that have contracts shown in Figure 6 below. 87 per cent of participants reported that they did not use any form of smartphone security software such as antivirus as opposed to 13 per cent that did as highlighted in Figure 7. SMARTPHONE In answer to the question â€Å"What type of smartphone do you currently use?† 34 per cent of respondents said they used an Apple IPhone, 58 per cent reported to use Android smartphones, 13 per cent used Blackberries and 6 per cent of respondents had Symbian smartphones (Fig. 8). 87 per cent of respondents had used calendar functions, 94 per cent of respondents used email, 86 per cent of used games, 87 per cent of respondents used GPS features, 74 per cent of respondents used instant messaging, 52 per cent of respondents used internet banking facilities, 66 per cent of respondents used multimedia messaging service (MMS), 94 per cent of respondents used the short messaging service (SMS) feature and 78 per cent (Fig. 9) of respondents admitted to using social networking sites on their smartphone. 93 per cent of survey partakers used 3G for mobile data communication, 59 per cent of respondents used ‘Bluetooth technology, only 4 per cent of had used infrared line of sight technology, however 75 per cent of respondents admitted to connecting via universal serial bus (USB) and 94 per cent of participators had used wireless for mobile data communication shown in Figure 10. Total of 757 participators answered this question and 1 partaker chose to skip the question. From a total of 758 respondents, 63 per cent (476) valued the physical smartphone above the 37 per cent (282) whom valued the information more. Figure 12 shows 62 per cent of survey participants reported that they did not pay attention to licence agreements and permissions when installing applications on their smartphones 34 per cent reported they did read the licence agreements and permissions. 4 per cent of respondents believed that this question was not applicable to them for their smartphone use. The awareness for the need of personal computer security is apparent as 81 per cent of responders were aware for the need of security software for personal computers as opposed to the 19 per cent who were not aware. 94 per cent participants have connected their smartphone to a personal computer (PC), 6 per cent stated they had not ever connected to a PC. All 758 respondents answered this question. Figure (XXX) shows that survey respondents considered smartphone security as ‘beneficial but not essential as the majority answer with 64 per cent , 21 per cent (159) didnt not consider there to be a need currently for smartphone security software as opposed to 15 per cent (114) whom considered smartphone security software as absolutely essential. 95 per cent of respondents were aware of ‘Adware, 27 per cent had known about ‘Badware, 25 per cent of respondents were aware of ‘Crimeware, 69 per cent had previous knowledge of ‘Rootkits, ‘Trojans 95 per cent,, ‘Spyware 95 per cent, ‘and ‘Worm 90 per cent were the most commonly aware terms of malware from the malicious software list, the majority being ‘Virus with 97 per cent of respondents being aware of this type of malware. 731 respondents answered this question. 96 per cent of respondents stated that they owned the smartphone, only 4 per cent of respondents had employer owned smartphones. All partakers responded to this question. Out of the 758 respondents, 15 per cent were aware of policies within their place of business, with the majority of respondents 41 per cent unaware of any workplace policies or procedures particularly orientated toward smartphones. 44 per cent responded that the question was not applicable to them. All participants answered this question. It is interesting to find that only 15 per cent stated they were aware of specific workplace policies and procedures specifically for mobile phones and 40 per cent were aware there were no mobile phone policies and procedures. A majority of 92 per cent (699) had not been advised of any security methods to protect them or their information from fraud, theft or malicious software. 8 per cent (59) respondents agreed they had received adequate security advice. 4.2 Discussion and interpretation of survey results Analysing the results of the survey shows the majority of smartphone users to be Android users peaking in the 20 to 24 age bracket, this would indicate that an IT professionals choice of smartphone is Android as indicated in Figure 3 below. Smartphone survey contributors within the 20 to 24 age group were then further examined to indicate what purpose is intended when using the devices, examining the results shows clearly that a majority of survey respondents reported they viewed their smartphone use as personal use, however disturbingly over half the users in the same age group admitted to using their smartphone for both personal use and business use as shown in Figure 4. Female respondents preferred the features provided by iPhones however also as opposed to male smartphone users who clearly preferred the Android platform over all others as seen in Figure (XXX). Examining users perception for the need of smartphone security against those users whom did or did not have antivirus shows that the awareness for the need of security correlates to users whom did indeed have smartphone security measures in place with nearly half of users who responded ‘Absolutely essential to the question ‘How necessary do you see the need for smartphone security software as shown in Figure (XXX). However the overall amount of smartphone users with antivirus or other security is disturbingly low given the malware threats currently available. The results also show us that a large majority of IT professionals do view smartphone security as beneficial however not essential. Android users are the most security aware demographic as demonstrated in Figure (XXX) above. This indicates that users are not aware of the threats posed by malware and view the need for smartphone system performance greater than the need for security. Business users have been defined as respondents who confirmed they used their smartphone for business only and users who reported they used their smartphone devices for both business and personal use. Smartphones have many features of value to employees as shown in Figure (XXX) Below, Email, Calendar, GPS and SMS features were shown to be the most used features all of which are viewed to aid employee productivity. However features such as games and social networking which negatively affect employee productivity were also shown to be frequently used, suggesting that smartphones can have negative effects on employee productivity. Figure (XXX) also shows us that over half of business users reported to use internet banking facilities from their smartphones. After finding out what smartphone features business users were most interested in I studied how aware business users were of security permissions and licence agreements prompts when installing new applications on their smartphones. The pie chart below is a representation of business user survey respondents awareness of how essential smartphone application installation security prompts are in regards to new application installations. Figure (XXX) shows us that 60 per cent of all business users admitted that they did not pay attention to licence agreements and permission prompts when installing new applications. The distinction between smartphones and personal computers is becoming increasingly marginal. Personal computers for example do not have built in billing systems and unless connected to the internet are static devices accessible via a local area network or through direct contact. Smartphones have an integral billing system are completely mobile and have multiple connectivity methods. When business user survey partakers were asked if they used any security applications such as antivirus, an overwhelming majority responded that they did not use any security products. This confirms part of my hypothesis that business users do not perceive smartphone security as a real threat. Discovering that the majority of business users used internet banking facilities for either personal banking or business banking and 9 out of 10 business smartphones had no security products installed it was elementary to understand if business users were aware of smartphone malware threats. The line graph in Figure (XXX) indicates that over 90 per cent of business users are aware of malware threats such as Adware, Spyware, Trojans, Viruss and Worms however business users were all least aware of malware threats such as Crimeware as indicated in Figure (XXX) Survey respondents who reported they used their smartphone for personal use only were excluded from the following analysis.7 out of 10 business users confirmed they were not aware of any specific smartphone security policies at work (Figure (XXX) The awareness of security for iPhone smartphones is low as users perception of Apple and Mac OS is that it is impervious to malware infection. Research shows that iPhone users have the least amount of antivirus installed on devices. As discussed earlier, users are completely reliant on Apple to vet all applications for malicious code, whereas Android and Symbian applications are open source so users may inspect the contents for malware. secure smartphone model, least security aware group Android users are the most security aware demographic group as the typical android user is conscious that malicious software exists and the android community are able to vet applications themselves. Android users were also the highest security aware group with the highest percentage of antivirus products per smartphone. Virtual environments, least secure smartphone perception Blackberry smartphones were the most secure devices in regards to email, network connectivity however it was found that application signatures can be purchased by anyone for a small fee thus rendering the security of the device minimal. Very secure aspects, not as secure overall Symbian smartphones are found to be the most current common target for malware developers. Low security Windows phone 7 is the newest platform on the smartphone market and only time will tell how secure the device is. Awareness and concern 5.0 Smartphones Private and confidential data from lost or stolen mobile devices such as laptops, USB pen drives and computer storage drives has gained negative exposure within the media recently however one of the largest growing threats to corporate information comes from unsecure smartphones. To understand this statement it is important to appreciate the history of the smartphone to recognise why smartphones pose such a threat in todays business environment. A mobile phone is a portable electronic device used to make and receive telephone calls. The mobile phone was first revealed by Dr Martin Cooper from the company Motorola in 1973, it was not until ten years after Dr Coopers demonstration that Motorola released its flagship mobile phone the ‘DynaTAC, this was the worlds first commercially viable mobile phone (Motorola, 2009). Originally these devices were commercially targeted at businesses and upper class individuals as the cost of the device was very high and the actual usage was severely restricted, due to the technology limitations at this time of battery weight (Motorola, 2009) and because the battery duration was limited to last a maximum of 30 minutes thus making the device impractical and available only to businesses and professional consumers. ‘According to Moores Law, the number of transistors on a chip roughly doubles every two years. (Intel, 2005) As Moore stated over thirty five years ago, due to the advancement of processors, battery technologies and overall reduced power consumption, mobile phones have become lighter, smaller, more powerful and longer lasting (Intel, 2005). Due to these fundamental technological advancements mobile phones have been able to incorporate additional existing technologies such as camera units, sensors, speakers and often take advantage of JAVA based applications and features, thus coining the term ‘Feature phone. Feature phones are more advanced technologically than mobile phones however now Smartphones currently reside in the top tier of mobile communication technology. The term ‘smartphone is ambiguous and many experts fail to agree on a suitable definition. Most smartphone features are not exclusive to a particular category, this project does not intend to make that definition, however for the scope of this project I have listed combined definitions and compared current smartphone f